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目的检测3岁以下正常婴幼儿视力,探讨婴幼儿视力发育规律。方法检测装置:电脑控制闭路式强化优先注视检测系统(Closed-circuitOperantPreferentialLookingSystem,COPL)。对象:符合筛选标准的正常婴幼儿。结果(1).COPL的总可测性为91.3%;(2).COPL的可重复性佳,两次检测结果配对t检验P=0.726,无显著性差异;(3).视力与性别的关系:采用独立样本t检验比较男女视力,无显著性差别(P=0.246);(4).视力与年龄的关系:3岁以下婴幼儿的视力发育与年龄呈高度正相关(相关系数r=O.847,P=O.000),视力(Y)与月龄(X)之间的曲线回归方程Y=3.5622+0.1254X-0.0049X2+0.000069X3。结论(1).3岁以下正常婴幼儿的视力发育与年龄呈正相关关系,与性别无关。在发育过程中有一定的阶段性和规律性。以出生后6个月视力提高最为迅速,以后逐渐变慢,稳步上升,3周岁时视力接近成人水平。(2).本研究结果提示早期检测婴幼儿视力的必要性。提倡对婴儿出生后即进行视力筛查,并在6个月、1岁、3岁时进行跟踪检查。(3).电脑控制强化优先注视检测系统是检测3岁以下婴幼儿视力的有效手段。
Objective To detect the visual acuity of infants under 3 years of age and explore the law of vision development of infants. Method Detection device: Computer-controlled closed-circuit enhanced preemptive detection system (Closed-circuitOperantPreliminaryLookingSystem, COPL). Subjects: Normal infants who meet the screening criteria. Results (1) The total detectability of COPL was 91.3%. (2) The reproducibility of COPL was good, the paired t test was twice as good as P = 0.726, (3) the visual acuity and sex The relationship between visual acuity and age: The visual acuity of infants younger than 3 years was highly positively correlated with age (r = 0.246) O.847, P = O.000), and the regression equation Y = 3.5622 + 0.1254X-0.0049X2 + 0.000069X3 between eyesight (Y) and month age (X). Conclusion (1) .Normal infants under 3 years of age visual acuity was positively correlated with age, has nothing to do with gender. In the development process has a certain stage and regularity. Visual acuity increased most rapidly six months after birth, gradually slowing down thereafter, and steadily increasing. At the age of three, visual acuity approached adult level. (2) The results of this study suggest the necessity of early detection of infant vision. Advocate the baby to carry out vision screening after birth, and at 6 months, 1 year old, 3 years old when the follow-up examination. (3) .Computer control to strengthen the priority fixation detection system is an effective means of detecting vision of infants and children under 3 years of age.