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由于西方列强的侵略对日本形成了较中国更大的震动;日本的商品经济较中国发达;而儒学在日本的统治地位不如在中国牢固;日本又有着长期的吸收外来先进文化的传统等原因,十九世纪六十年代前后,西学在日本的传播要比在中国及时而有效得多。
Japan’s commodity economy was more developed than that of China due to the aggression of Western powers; Japan’s dominance of Confucianism in China was not as strong as that of China; Japan has a long-standing tradition of absorbing advanced foreign cultures, Before and after the 1860s, the spread of Western learning in Japan was much more timely and effective than in China.