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目的通过分析福州市2011—2012年的手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控措施和策略提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学分析方法,对福州市2011—2012年的手足口病发病资料进行统计分析,探讨影响福州市手足口病流行特征的有关因素。结果福州市2011—2012年共报告手足口病病例38 093例,死亡病例为6例,年均发病率为281.85/10万,且2012年的发病率明显高于2011年(χ2=3 378.81,P<0.05)。流行为春峰、秋峰双峰分布。各县(市)区均有病例报告,以仓山区、晋安区和台江区高发(χ2=63.091,P<0.05);病例多集中在0~5岁组,发病率为4 491.9/10万;发病以散居儿童为主,占病例总数的78.06%;男性多于女性,性别比为1.68∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 087.850,P<0.05)。结论福州市手足口病疫情形势依然严峻,主要以5岁以下儿童为高发人群。在手足口病的防控过程中,要加强重点人群和重点场所的预防控制措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures and strategies of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2012 and to explore the factors that affect the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fuzhou. Results A total of 38 093 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2012, including 6 deaths. The annual average incidence was 281.85 / 100 000 and the incidence in 2012 was significantly higher than that in 2011 (χ2 = 3 378.81, P <0.05). Pop spring peak, autumn peak bimodal distribution. Cases were reported in all counties (districts), with high incidence in Cangshan, Jin’an and Taijiang districts (χ2 = 63.091, P <0.05); cases were mostly in 0-5 years old group with the incidence of 4991.9 / 10 The incidence was mainly scattered children, accounting for 78.06% of the total number of cases. There were more males than females, the sex ratio was 1.68:1, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 2087.850, P <0.05). Conclusion The epidemic situation of HFMD in Fuzhou City is still severe. The prevalence of HFMD in children under 5 years old is high. In the prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease process, we should strengthen the prevention and control of key populations and key places.