苏联是一个水运事业极为发达的国家。它北临北冰洋,西面与西南面靠波罗的海和黑海,东频太平洋,隔海与美国的阿拉斯加州和日本相望,海岸线全长43,000公里。内陆河流纵横交错,总长约400,000公里,其中通航里程约为150,000公里。据劳氏船级社1980年7月的统计,苏联100总吨以上的船舶已拥有8279艘, The Soviet Union is a country with a very developed water transport. It borders the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea to the west and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean across the sea from the United States of Alaska and Japan. The coastline is 43,000 kilometers in length. Inland rivers criss-cross each other, with a total length of about 400,000 kilometers, of which navigation mileage of about 150,000 kilometers. According to Lloyd’s Register of Shipping’s statistics in July 1980, there were 8,279 ships of more than 100 GT in the Soviet Union,