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劳动力、资本、土地、能源和技术等要素在企业内部及在产业间的配置方式,决定了一个企业乃至一个产业的总产出和效率。在长期,基于供求双方充分博弈而形成的要素比价体系将引导经济行为主体合理配置要素资源,从而最大化社会福利或产出。反之,扭曲的要素比价尽管能换来一时的高增长,但最终将导致产出水平下滑和社会福利损失。资源错配引致企业创新驱动力匮乏,产业结构演进缓慢。如果将改革和开发政策视为驱动中国投资、生产、出口高速
The allocation of factors such as labor, capital, land, energy and technology within and across industries determines the total output and efficiency of an enterprise or even an industry. In the long run, the factor parity system based on the full game between supply and demand will lead the economic actors to allocate the resources reasonably, so as to maximize the social welfare or output. Conversely, distorted elemental parity, in return for temporary high growth, will eventually lead to a decline in output levels and social welfare losses. Mismatches in resources lead to lack of driving force for enterprise innovation, industrial structure evolves slowly. If reform and development policies are seen as driving China’s investment, production and export at a high speed