论文部分内容阅读
语法化存在普遍性规律。讨论个别语言的语法化现象,必须准确定位该语言历时形态句法变化因类型学特征而呈现出来的特色。个别语言语法化的特色或个性的影响力往往十分有限。文献中提到的上古汉语语法化的两种特色,即词类在句法层面的灵活性和对语用推理的依赖性,都是值得商榷的。前者是上古汉语语法化的有标记的特征,而非通常性的原则和手段;后者并不能定性为汉语语法化的特色,而是汉语的形态句法特色,是语法化的结果。
Grammaticalization exists the universal law. To discuss the grammaticalization of individual languages, we must accurately locate the characteristics of the syntactic changes of the diachronic morphology morphology of the language. The grammaticalization of individual languages often has very limited influence on the characteristics or personality. The two characteristics of the ancient Chinese grammar mentioned in the literature, namely, the syntactic flexibility of the part of speech and the dependence on pragmatic reasoning, are debatable. The former is a marked feature of ancient Chinese grammaticalization, not a principle and means of generality. The latter can not be characterized as Chinese grammaticalization, but a morphological syntactic characteristic of Chinese and a result of grammaticalization.