“陈四案”是发生在康熙五十年的一桩叩阍案 ,流动卖艺的陈四被告有抢劫等罪 ,最后共有数十人被判流放 ,一人被斩 ,数名大臣被降级处理。与同一时期的其他案件相比 ,清最高统治者对此案的处理 ,超出了常规 ,实在是出于他们对社会流动性加大的担忧。本文试图以这一事件为切入点 ,探讨康熙五十年前后的社会状况及统治者的社会控制动机。 The case of “Chen Si” was a murder case in the fifties of Kangxi’s life. The defendant Chen Ju who was in the flow of art was guilty of robbery. In the end, scores of people were sentenced to exile. One was cut and several ministers were demoted. Compared with the other cases in the same period, the handling of the case by the Supreme Qing ruler went beyond the conventional rules and really came out of their concern about the increase of social mobility. This article attempts to use this incident as a breakthrough point to discuss the social conditions of the past 50 years and the rulers’ social control motivation after Kangxi.