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目的 :了解我国学习障碍 (LD)儿童认知特征。方法 :采用修订版学习障碍筛查量表 (PRS)、学能问卷、学绩记录、绘人实验、联合型瑞文测验 (CRT)等对广州市城区某小学学生进行了测评分析。结果 :LD儿童筛出率为 9.3 % ,男多于女 ,男女之比为 2 .79:1 ;PRS分析发现 ,LD儿童障碍特征较突出表现在语言能力区 ,并在注意力和调整顺序能力上失分显著 ;绘人实验LD组的总得分显著低于对照组 ,具体表现在大局部绘技上与对照组接近 ,但在精细绘技上明显劣于对照组。结论 :LD儿童认知障碍在语言能力上表现突出 ,他们的表象能力及注意能力存在缺陷。
Objective: To understand the cognitive characteristics of children with learning disabilities (LD) in China. Methods: The primary school students in Guangzhou city were evaluated and analyzed by the revised version of the Learning Disability Screener (PRS), the Students’ Ability Questionnaire, the Record of Achievement, the Painter Experiment, and the Combined Rare Ray Test (CRT). Results: The screening rate of children with LD was 9.3%, the male was more than female, the ratio of male to female was 2.79: 1. The PRS analysis found that the features of children with LD were more prominent in the language ability area and were more attentive and adjusting ability The total score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group, which was close to that of the control group, but was significantly worse than that of the control group in the fine painting technique. Conclusion: Children with cognitive impairment in LD perform outstandingly in their language skills, and their abilities of presentation and attention are deficient.