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[目的]研究何首乌不同种源的叶性状变异情况,并对不同种源何首乌进行聚类,为何首乌良种分类、鉴定、选育和快速繁殖育苗提供依据。[方法]对何首乌在全国主要分布区的31个种质资源的叶形态性状进行测定,分析不同产地何首乌叶片的遗传变异。[结果]供试何首乌种源内各单株叶性状较为稳定,变异主要来源于单叶面积、叶片中宽、叶宽等指标;种源间叶各性状变异明显,变异主要来源于单叶干重、叶片面积、叶片中宽、叶长等指标。对何首乌叶各性状间的相关关系研究表明,单叶面积和单叶干重均与叶长、叶片中宽、叶宽、叶厚、叶柄长呈极显著正相关,而与WWR(叶宽与叶长1/2处宽度之比)、LWR(叶长与叶长1/2处宽度之比)呈显著负相关,此外叶长、叶片中宽、叶宽、叶柄长这几个直观的叶性状指标相互之间呈极显著正相关。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分的累积方差贡献率高达97.4%,能够较准确反映何首乌种源叶性状的综合表现。聚类分析结果表明,供试31个何首乌种源。划分为3大类群。第一类群地理区域为贵州中部、西部和相邻的广西西北部及西部高海拔地区;第二类群地理区域为湖南、湖北、四川、广东及广西的大部分地区;第三类群地理区域为安徽、江苏、河南及山东。[结论]叶性状的聚类分析表明地理位置靠近的种源能聚在一起。该研究为何首乌的品种分类提供了一定依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the variation of leaf traits in different provenances of Polygonum multiflorum and provide the basis for the classification, identification, breeding and rapid breeding of Polygonum multiflorum for different provenances. [Method] The leaf morphological traits of Polygonum multiflorum from 31 germplasm resources in the main distribution areas of Polygonum multiflorum were determined, and the genetic variation of Polygonum multiflorum leaves in different areas was analyzed. [Result] The leaf traits of test plants were stable. The variation mainly came from leaf area, leaf width, leaf width and other indicators. The variation of seed traits was obvious. The variation mainly came from single leaf dry weight , Leaf area, leaf width, leaf length and other indicators. The correlation between the traits of Polygonum multiflorum leaves showed that single leaf area and single leaf dry weight were significantly and positively correlated with leaf length, leaf width, leaf width, leaf thickness and petiole length, but not with WWR LWR (ratio of leaf width to leaf width 1/2) was significantly negatively correlated with leaf width, leaf width and leaf petiole length The trait indexes showed a significant and positive correlation with each other. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance of the first three principal components was as high as 97.4%, which could accurately reflect the general performance of the seed germplasm resources of Polygonum multiflorum. Cluster analysis showed that the test for 31 Polygonum species provenance. Divided into three groups. The first group of geographical area is in the central, western and adjacent areas of northwestern Guangxi and western high altitude areas; the second group of geographical areas are most of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guangdong and Guangxi; the third group is Anhui Jiangsu, Henan and Shandong. [Conclusion] The cluster analysis of leaf traits showed that provenances near geographies could be clustered together. The study provided a basis for the classification of Radix Polygoni multiflori.