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全长粘结型锚杆在我国边坡、隧道、地下洞室、基坑、坝体等工程建设中已得到广泛应用,成效显著,很多研究人员对其进行了多方面的研究,尤其是受力状态和加固效果进行了实际现场监测和数值模拟,但对全长粘结型锚杆加固的定量设计仍很有争议,设计人员对其的设计也是在“没有考虑锚杆与节理岩体相互作用”的条件下进行锚杆设计的,即假设拉力锚杆仅受拉力,剪力锚杆仅受剪力,这与实际情况是不相符合的。实际上,在加锚结构面的变形过程中,由于锚杆与岩体的相互作用,结构面附近的锚杆不仅在薄弱层面厚度范围内发生了变形,而且在一个相当大的区段内(约为锚杆直径的3～4倍的区段内)也发生了明显的变形,也就是说,在一定范围内锚杆杆体的几何形态发生了变化,在一般情况下既受拉又受剪,同时还受弯。文章在充分考虑节理岩体与被动锚杆相互作用的条件下,分析被动锚杆的受力情况和加固节理岩体的效果,并给出了全长粘结型锚杆的设计计算方法,进而通过典型实例得到了充分验证,表明该方法计算合理,具有一定的参考价值,供设计人员参考。
The full-length bonded anchor has been widely used in the engineering construction of slopes, tunnels, underground caverns, foundation pit and dam in our country with remarkable results. Many researchers have conducted various studies on them, especially by Force status and reinforcement effect of the actual site monitoring and numerical simulation, but the quantitative design of the full-length bonded anchor reinforcement is still controversial, designers of its design is also “did not consider the anchor and jointed rock mass Interaction ”under the conditions of the anchor design, that is, only by the tension of the anchor bolt tension, shear bolt shear force only, which is not consistent with the actual situation. In fact, due to the interaction between the anchor and the rock mass during the deformation of the anchored structure, the anchors near the structural surface not only deform within the thickness of the weak layer, but also within a relatively large section About 3 ~ 4 times the diameter of the bolt section) also occurred obvious deformation, that is, within a certain range of the geometry of the bolt rod body has changed, in general, both under tension and shear , But also bent. In this paper, under the condition of fully considering the interaction of jointed rock mass and passive rock bolt, the stress condition of passive rock bolt and the effect of strengthening jointed rock mass are analyzed, and the design and calculation method of full length bonded anchor rod is given. Through the typical examples, it has been fully verified that the method is reasonable and has certain reference value for designers’ reference.