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早在二十世纪初期,人们已发现泡沸石(无机离子交换剂)可用作多种化学反应的催化剂及催化剂载体。含五氧化二钒的合成泡沸石可使萘氧化为邻苯二甲酸酐;含铜、镍或铂的泡沸石可使羰基化合物(醛、酮、酯等)及硝基化合物为氢还原成醇或碳氢化合物及胺;苯、甲苯、酚等在活性白土(无机离子交换剂)的存在下,可与烯、醇等化合物反应,得到相应的烷基芳基化合物。随着石油化学的发展,无机离子交换剂渐被引起注意,因在碳氢化合物的热裂解中,用它作催化
As early as the early twentieth century, zeolites (inorganic ion exchangers) have been found useful as catalysts and catalyst supports for a variety of chemical reactions. Synthetic zeolites containing vanadium pentoxide oxidize naphthalene to phthalic anhydride; zeolites containing copper, nickel or platinum can convert carbonyl compounds (aldehydes, ketones, esters, etc.) and nitro compounds to hydrogen to alcohols Or hydrocarbons and amines; benzene, toluene, phenol, etc. in the presence of activated clay (inorganic ion exchanger), with ene, alcohol and other compounds to give the corresponding alkylaryl compounds. With the development of petrochemistry, inorganic ion exchangers are attracting attention as they catalyze the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons