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为研究轮轨接触温升和热应力规律,用有限元法分别建立锥型踏面车轮和磨耗型踏面车轮在60kg/m钢轨上滑行的三维热接触耦合模型.考虑温度场与结构场相互影响、相关材料参数随温度变化以及轮轨接触问题,对在一定速度下抱死滑行时轮轨温度场和应力场的热—结构直接耦合进行分析.结果表明磨耗型踏面车轮的接触斑面积大于锥型踏面车轮的接触斑面积,且前者接触斑趋近于圆形,后者接触斑为细长椭圆形;材料参数随温度的变化对轮轨温度场和应力场影响很大,不可忽略;温度场对应力场的影响很大,温度升高的趋势与应力升高的趋势相同;磨耗型踏面对轮轨的热损伤比锥型踏面小很多.
In order to study the law of wheel-rail contact temperature rise and thermal stress, a three-dimensional thermal contact coupling model of cone-type tread wheel and wear-type tread wheel gliding on 60kg / m rail was established respectively by finite element method.Considering the interaction between temperature field and structure field, The results show that the contact area of wear wheel is larger than that of conical type in the temperature-dependent and wheel-rail contact problems, and the thermo-structure direct coupling between temperature and stress field of the wheel and rail during locking and taxiing at a certain speed is analyzed. Tread contact surface area of the wheel, and the former contact spot tends to be round, the latter contact patch is elongated oval; material parameters with the temperature changes on the wheel rail temperature and stress fields have a great influence, can not be ignored; temperature field The influence of stress field is very big. The trend of temperature rise is the same as that of stress rising. Wear-type tread is much less thermal damage than that of cone tread.