学生学习的过程，实质上是学生以原有的认知结构为基础不断建立和完善认知结构的过程．这个过程是在教师的指导下通过学生的主动认知来实现的，因此提高学习效率的关键是优化学生的认知过程．本文将从数学教学中结构观念的意义以及心理学依据出发，探讨在结构思想的指导下... The process of student learning is essentially the process of students continuously building and improving the cognitive structure based on the original cognitive structure. This process is achieved through the active recognition of students under the guidance of teachers. Therefore, the key to improving learning efficiency is to optimize students’ cognitive processes. This article will proceed from the significance of structural concepts in mathematics teaching and the basis of psychology;