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目的了解顺义区涉苯企业职工的职业卫生服务享受情况和行为习惯。方法使用统一的调查表对53家企业中苯及其化合物的职业接触人群进行岗位职业安全卫生知识培训、防护用品配备、职业健康体检情况等的调查。结果定期和上岗前职业健康体检率分别为75.62%和67.02%,不同规模企业在对在岗期间职业安全卫生知识培训、防护用品配备、防护设施定期维护和定期职业健康体检等方面的职业卫生服务差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同文化程度职工防护用品的佩戴率、防护设施损坏后的报告率以及患可能与职业相关疾病同单位主动沟通率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),且防护设施损坏后的报告率以及患可能与职业相关疾病同单位主动沟通率均随着文化程度的增加而增高。结论企业对于职业健康体检的意识相较于职业卫生服务的其他方面仍有待于提高,文化程度对职工的职业卫生知识有着重要的影响。
Objective To understand the occupational health service enjoyment and behavior habit of workers involved in benzene in Shunyi District. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to investigate occupational safety and health knowledge, protective equipment and occupational health examination of occupationally exposed workers with benzene and its compounds in 53 enterprises. Results The occupational health examination rates were 75.62% and 67.02% before regular and pre-job occupations, respectively. Occupational health services of enterprises of different scales in occupational safety and health training, protective equipment, regular protective equipment and regular occupational health examination during their posts were different There was statistical significance (P <0.05). There were significant differences in the wearing rate of protective equipment for workers with different education levels, the reporting rate after the protective equipment was damaged, and the active communication rate between the occupational related diseases and those with occupational diseases (P <0.01), and the reporting rate after the protective equipment was damaged As well as suffering from occupational diseases associated with the initiative to communicate with the unit rate increases with the increase of education. Conclusion The awareness of occupational health examination in enterprises still needs to be improved compared with other aspects of occupational health services. The educational level has an important influence on the occupational health knowledge of workers.