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【目的】了解南京宁镇山脉南支蕨类植物区系及生态类型,分析蕨类植物在园林景观配置中的应用型。【方法】以南京将军山为对象,通过野外调查和室内标本鉴定等方法统计出该区蕨类植物种类,分析了该地蕨类植物区系的组成和分布区类型,并将该区系与其他蕨类植物区系的相似性系数、综合系数及物种丰富度进行了比较,最后总结了将军山蕨类植物的生态类型及其园林应用。【结果】南京将军山地区共计有蕨类植物19科24属33种;区系综合系数为0.442,物种丰富度指数最高,为25.54。该区蕨类植物优势科为金星蕨科,没有明显的优势属,具有古老性和残遗性的特征。将军山蕨类植物区系与浙江龙王山、江苏云台山蕨类植物区系关系近,与安徽黄山、河南高乐山蕨类植物区系关系比较近,与江西庐山蕨类植物区系关系比较疏远。根据蕨类植物的生境和分布,将军山蕨类植物可分为浮水、石生及土生共3种生态类型。【结论】南京将军山蕨类植物区系组成比较丰富,具有热带向温带过渡的特征,东亚分布物种在该区系占有主要优势。该区观赏蕨类植物资源较为丰富,但是许多观赏价值较高并有应用前景的蕨类植物还未被认知和开发利用。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to understand the flora and ecological types of ferns in Nanzianting, Nanjing, and to analyze the application of ferns in landscape configuration of gardens. 【Method】 Taking the General Mountain of Nanjing as the object, the species of pteridophyte in the area were calculated by field investigation and indoor specimen identification. The composition and distribution types of the ferns in this area were analyzed. The similarity coefficient, synthetic coefficient and species richness of other ferns were compared. Finally, the ecological types of the ferns in Mt.Junjun and their garden application were summarized. 【Result】 A total of 19 species, 24 genera and 33 species of pteridophyte were found in the area of Jiangjun Mountain in Nanjing. The comprehensive coefficient of flora was 0.442 and the highest species richness index was 25.54. The dominant species of fern in this area is Venus fern, with no obvious dominant genus, which has the characteristics of ancient and residual. General Mount fern flora and Zhejiang Dragon Mountain, Yuntaishan pteridophytic flora close, and Anhui Huangshan, Henan Gaole Leshan ferns flora relatively close, and Jiangxi Lushan ferns flora is relatively distant . According to the habitat and distribution of ferns, the ferns in Mt.Junshan can be divided into three kinds of ecological types: floating water, peanut and native soil. 【Conclusion】 The ferns flora of General Jun Mountain in Nanjing is rich and has the characteristic of transition from tropical zone to temperate zone. The distribution of East Asian distribution species occupies the main advantage in this zone. The area is rich in ornamental ferns, but many ornamental value and application prospects of ferns have not yet been recognized and exploited.