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大地热流是表征地球热状态的重要地球物理参数,它记录了发生在地球深部各种作用过程和能量平衡的信息。大地热流的测量与汇编是固体地球物理学领域的基础性工作。本文对最近20年来全球大地热流研究的相关进展进行了综述,包括介绍近年来全球大地热流数据库建立和汇编情况,据此阐述了全球大地热流的分布规律及主控因素。继而重点对大陆和大洋热流研究中的若干重要概念或关键问题(如热流省、热流一生热率关系、壳幔热流配分系数、大洋岩石圈热演化模型和地下水循环等)、全球热量收支及其时空变化等方面进行了分析。最后,就全球热流汇编研究中需注意的问题以及今后的研究方向做了一些讨论。
The geothermal heat is an important geophysical parameter that characterizes the state of the Earth’s heat. It records information on various processes and energy balances occurring in deep earth. Measurement and assembly of geothermal heat flow are fundamental work in the field of solid geophysics. This article summarizes the progress of global geothermal heat flow research in the recent 20 years, including the establishment and compilation of global geothermal heat flow database in recent years. Based on this, the distribution laws and main controlling factors of global geothermal flow are described. Then, some important concepts or key issues (such as the heat flow province, the relation of the thermal heat lifetime, the partition coefficient of the crust and mantle heat flow, the thermal evolution model of the oceanic lithosphere and the groundwater circulation), the global caloric revenue and expenditure and Its space-time changes and other aspects were analyzed. At last, some discussions about the problems to be paid attention to in the compilation of global heat flow and the research directions in the future are discussed.