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目的探讨和分析长潜伏期三日疟病例的诊断和治疗。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法和实验室镜检及PCR基因检测方法对1例三日疟病例进行诊断,并采取氯喹和伯氨喹“8 d治疗方法”。结果 90年代患者与其大儿子在珠海市金鼎区开发区上栅同居住,约1994年该地区曾暴发疟疾(类型不详),期间患者大儿子曾出现疟疾相关症状并经抽血检测后被诊断为疟疾,经治疗后痊愈。患者于2013年7月首次发作,近1年来,患者反复发作,间隔2~3 d发作1次,出现发热、寒战和贫血等症状,2014年8月22日初步诊断为疟疾并住院治疗。镜检血涂片可见典型的三日疟原虫形态,PCR基因检测结果扩增出三日疟的特异性条带,确诊为三日疟。给予正规和足量的氯喹和伯氨喹治疗,痊愈出院。结论该例患者可能是1例潜伏期超过20年的三日疟病例。
Objective To investigate and analyze the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases of long latency. Methods One case of Plasmodium malaria was diagnosed by field epidemiological survey, laboratory microscopy and PCR gene test. Chloroquine and primaquine were used in the study. Results In the 1990s, patients lived with their eldest son in the upper grid of Jinding Development Zone in Zhuhai City. About malaria (unknown type) was reported in the area in 1994. During this period, the eldest son of the patient experienced malaria-related symptoms and was diagnosed after blood tests Malaria, healed after treatment. The patient first attacked in July 2013, and in the past year, the patient had recurrent episodes of attack 1 to 2 times a day for fever, chills and anemia. On August 22, 2014, the patient was initially diagnosed as malaria and hospitalized. Microscopic examination of blood smears showed a typical form of Plasmodium malaria. The results of PCR gene amplified specific bands of malaria three days and were diagnosed as Malaria on the 3rd. Give formal and adequate treatment of chloroquine and primaquine, cured and discharged. Conclusion This patient may be a case of malaria of the third instar lam longer than 20 years.