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目的探讨慢性氟中毒对大鼠耳蜗毛细胞形态学的改变及其机制。方法借助扫描电镜技术,对60只大鼠进行了实验观察。结果对照组耳蜗内、外毛细胞排列十分规则;低氟组内、外毛细胞都有不同程度的损害,表现为静纤毛粘连、倒伏;高氟组内、外毛细胞的损害严重,出现明显的粘连、倒伏、融合,并可见散在的节段性缺失,以底圈明显。表皮板结构发生不同程度的病变,严重者表皮板穿孔,细胞内容物流出,形成气球样改变。结论慢性氟中毒可对耳蜗毛细胞造成损害,粘连、倒伏、融合及节段性缺失是其主要病理改变,损害与染氟程度呈正相关。
Objective To investigate the morphological changes of rat cochlear hair cells after chronic fluorosis and its mechanism. Methods Using scanning electron microscopy, 60 rats were observed experimentally. Results In the control group, the arrangement of inner and outer hair cells in the cochlea was very regular. The inner and outer hair cells in the low fluoride group had different degrees of damage, showing the adhesion and lodging of the cilia. In the high fluoride group, the inner and outer hair cells were damaged seriously The adhesion, lodging, fusion, and visible fragmented segmental loss, with the end of the ring obvious. Epidermal plate structure of varying degrees of lesions, severe cases of perforation of the epidermis, cell content outflow, the formation of balloon-like changes. Conclusion Chronic fluorosis can damage cochlear hair cells. Adhesion, lodging, fusion and segmental loss are the main pathological changes. The damage is positively correlated with the degree of fluoride exposure.