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功能对等理论注重翻译的内容与结果,在译文中反映深层源语言文本在深层结构上的对等,而非表层结构上形式的对等。公示语是用于公共场合、面向公众的旨在实现规范人员社会行为、调整人际关系、促进社会和谐等社会交际目的的特殊文体。其具有指示性、提示性、限制性以及强制性等应用功能。公示语翻译的目的在于准确合理传达应用功能特征。因此,译者应在翻译过程中实现功能对等,需要准确解读源语言文本的语用功能,并在目标语文本中再现出来。而为实现这一翻译目标,译者应根据不同的功能性需要,采用不同的翻译方法,利用各种翻译策略最大限度地再现源语言的语用功能。
The functional equivalence theory focuses on the content and the result of the translation, reflecting the deep structural equivalence of the deep source language texts in the translation rather than the superficial structural equivalence. Publicity is a special style that is used in public places and aims at the public to achieve social purposes such as standardizing personnel’s social behavior, adjusting interpersonal relationships and promoting social harmony. It has instructional, suggestive, restrictive and mandatory application functions. The purpose of the public signs translation is to accurately and reasonably convey the application features. Therefore, the translator should realize the functional equivalence in the process of translating, and need to accurately interpret the pragmatic function of the source language text and reproduce it in the target language text. In order to achieve this objective, translators should use different translation methods according to their different functional needs and utilize various translation strategies to maximize the pragmatic functions of the source language.