一般认为水的跨膜转运有两种方式:一是弥散通过脂质双分子层;二是细胞膜存在选择性通透水的通道蛋白。自1991年Agre等[1 ] 克隆了大鼠的cDNA后,并于次年成功地转染非洲蟾卵母细胞显示了其选择性水通透的功能,即第一个水通道蛋白被克隆,经人类基因委员会命名为aquaporin(AQP1 ) Is generally believed that water transmembrane transport in two ways: First, diffuse through the lipid bilayer; the second is the existence of selective permeable membrane protein channel. Since the cDNA of rat was cloned by Agre et al. [1] in 1991 and successfully transfected into Xenopus oocytes in the following year, it showed the function of selective water permeability, that is, the first aquaporin was cloned, The human genetic committee named aquaporin (AQP1)