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目的了解北京市顺义区禽类养殖人员出现流感样症状后的就医行为及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样和多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在顺义区从事禽类养殖工作的2类人群(规模化养殖人员、庭院式养殖人员)中抽取340人进行问卷调查。结果禽类养殖人员出现流感样症状后及时就医率为35.6%。认为流感样症状不严重没必要就诊(50.5%)、看病贵(23.8%)、没时间(11.4%)、看病时间久(8.1%)、交通不便(6.2%)是未立即就医的主要原因。性别、年龄、文化程度和人禽流感认识对就医行为的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),文化程度和对人禽流感知晓率对就医行为影响最大,OR值分别为1.67和1.96。在医院选择方面,59.5%的人会选择社区医院就诊、其次是区级以上医院(32.3%)和私人诊所(8.2%)。结论顺义区禽类养殖人员在出现流感样症状后及时就医率较低,自行服药或不采取措施的比重大,文化程度和对人禽流感认识对就医行为影响最大,今后应加强相关知识和及早就医的宣传教育工作。
Objective To understand the medical behaviors and influencing factors of flu-like symptoms in poultry farmers in Shunyi District of Beijing. Methods A total of 340 people from two groups (large-scale farmer and courtyard farmer) who engaged in poultry breeding in Shunyi District were surveyed by cluster sampling and multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Results The rate of timely medical attention of poultry farmers after getting flu-like symptoms was 35.6%. It is considered that the flu-like symptoms are not necessary (50.5%), expensive for medical treatment (23.8%), no time (11.4%), long time for medical treatment (8.1%) and inconvenient transportation (6.2%). There were significant differences in the impact of gender, age, educational level and human bird flu on medical treatment (P <0.05). The educational level and the awareness of bird flu had the greatest impact on medical treatment, with OR values of 1.67 and 1.96 respectively. In terms of hospital choice, 59.5% chose community hospitals, followed by district-level hospitals (32.3%) and private clinics (8.2%). Conclusion The poultry farmer in Shunyi District has a low rate of timely medical treatment after the occurrence of flu-like symptoms. The proportion of self-medication or no-take measures is very high. The education of bird flu and bird flu have the greatest impact on medical treatment. In the future, relevant knowledge and early medical consultation should be strengthened Propaganda and education work.