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目的采用系统预试法,对郁金香可能的化学成分进行预实验,初步探索郁金香的化学成分。方法采用化学反应鉴别方法、试管反应法分别对郁金香的水提取液、95%乙醇提取液、石油醚提取液进行研究。通过多种指示剂和显色剂的沉淀反应或颜色反应,对郁金香地上和地下化学部分可能含有的化学成分进行初步的比较研究。结果郁金香可能含有黄酮类、生物碱、挥发油、氨基酸、蛋白质、多糖、有机酸、酚类、鞣质、甾体、葸醌类、三萜类、皂苷类、强心苷类和蒽醌类等化学成分,其中地上部分不含强心苷类和蒽醌类,地下部分不含挥发油、酚类、鞣质、甾体、三萜类和皂苷类。结论初步确定郁金香含有多种有效成分,为郁金香的进一步开发利用提供了实验基础。
Objective To preliminarily test the chemical composition of tulip by systematic pre-test method, and to explore the chemical composition of tulip. Methods The methods of chemical reaction identification and tube reaction were used to study the aqueous extracts of tulip, 95% ethanol extract and petroleum ether extract respectively. Through the precipitation reaction or color reaction of a variety of indicator and developer, the chemical constituents that may be contained in the aboveground and underground chemical parts of tulip were comparatively preliminary studied. Results Tulip may contain flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, amino acids, proteins, polysaccharides, organic acids, phenols, tannins, steroids, anthocyanins, triterpenes, saponins, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones Chemical composition, in which aerial parts of cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones do not contain aerial parts, volatile oil, phenols, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids and saponins. Conclusion The preliminary identification of tulip contains many active ingredients, which provide experimental basis for the further development and utilization of tulip.