五、铨叙考核与人事档案“为政之道,在于用人”。何以能甄拔真正的贤才?唐初统治者即认为应从“资历”与“劳绩”两方面来考核官员,以定官职的升降授免,此谓“铨叙”。唐王朝选用官吏的制度称“铨选”,指除国家最高职官(如丞相、尚书等)由皇帝直接任命外,其他官员均由吏部(或兵部)任命。候选人在参加铨选过程中,有一整套反映个人资历、劳绩 Fifth, civil exam assessment and personnel files “for the government’s road lies in employing.” How can we identify the true virtues? The rulers of the early Tang considered that officials should be evaluated from the two aspects of “seniority” and “outstanding performance”, and officials should be granted exemption from official movements. This is called “Civil Syria.” The system of selecting officials in the Tang Dynasty called “civil election” refers to the appointment of officials other than the highest officials in the country (such as the prime minister and the Shang Shu) by the emperor. Other officials are appointed by the ministry (or the ministry). Candidates in the process of participating civil election, a set of reflect personal qualifications, performance