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分析了低渗透油气资源的分布状况、勘探开发现状以及低渗透储层地质特征和形成机理,指出:油气藏不易识别、油气层判识困难、渗透率低、具启动压力梯度、弹性能量小、油井见注水效果缓慢、见水后产液指数大幅度下降、水窜和水淹严重等是当前制约低渗透油气田勘探开发的主要影响因素;多参数联合反演储层预测技术、压裂技术、井网优化技术、超前注水技术、水平井开采技术、CO2混相驱技术、微生物采油技术等是低渗透油气勘探开发的特色技术。
The paper analyzes the distribution of low-permeability oil and gas resources, the status quo of exploration and development, as well as the geological characteristics and formation mechanism of low-permeability reservoirs. It is pointed out that reservoirs are not easily identified, hydrocarbon reservoir identification is difficult, permeability is low, starting pressure gradient, Seeing the effect of slow injection wells, water production index dropped significantly after water seepage, serious water channeling and flooding are the main factors that restrict the exploration and development of low permeability oil and gas fields; multi-parameter joint inversion reservoir prediction technology, fracturing technology, Well pattern optimization technology, advanced water injection technology, horizontal well mining technology, CO2 mixed phase flooding technology and microbial oil recovery technology are the special technologies for low-permeability oil and gas exploration and development.