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目的调查肾内科门诊老年慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的基础状况,判断老年CKD患者肾功能下降的危险因素。方法对中山大学附属第三医院肾内科门诊就诊的老年慢性肾脏病患者进行为期9个月的前瞻性横断面调查。结果共有141例病例入选。前五位老年慢性肾脏病的病因分别为原发性肾小球疾病41例(29.0%),高血压肾病41例(29.0%),糖尿病肾病23例(16.3%),尿酸性肾病10例(7.1%),良性肾小动脉硬化9例(6.4%)。病例平均年龄70.3岁。CKD各期的分布为CKD1期17.0%、CKD2期21.3%、CKD3期24.8%、CKD4期15.6%、CKD5期21.3%。多因素回归提示年龄、蛋白尿与肾功能下降独立相关。结论该研究针对老年CKD患者进行大规模单中心横断面调查,将有助于确定老年CKD患者的基本状况,为进一步纵向随访奠定基础。
Objective To investigate the basic condition of patients with senile chronic kidney disease (CKD) in outpatient department of nephrology and to determine the risk factors for the decline of renal function in elderly patients with CKD. Methods A prospective 9-month prospective cross-sectional survey of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease attending the Department of Nephrology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University was conducted. Results A total of 141 cases were enrolled. The causes of the first five elderly chronic kidney diseases were primary glomerular disease in 41 cases (29.0%), hypertensive nephropathy in 41 cases (29.0%), diabetic nephropathy in 23 cases (16.3%), uric acid nephropathy in 10 cases 7.1%), benign renal arteriosclerosis in 9 cases (6.4%). The average age of cases was 70.3 years. The distribution of CKD was 17.0% in CKD1, 21.3% in CKD2, 24.8% in CKD3, 15.6% in CKD4 and 21.3% in CKD5. Multivariate regression suggested that age, proteinuria and renal function were independently associated. CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale single-center cross-sectional survey of elderly patients with CKD will help determine the basic status of elderly CKD patients and lay the foundation for further longitudinal follow-up.