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湿敏陶瓷材料通常可分为电子(空穴)电导型和离子电导型。其感湿主要是通过多孔的表面对水分子的化学吸附和物理吸附,使表面能态发生改变,从而提供导电载流子。载流子的性质与陶瓷表面的化学成分,瓷体的导电类型,气孔率高低,孔径大小有着密切的关系。 造成湿敏陶瓷老化的原因在于组成湿敏陶瓷的过渡金属元素在晶体中以离子的形式存在,易吸附极性杂质,能与具有弧对电子的杂质形成络离子。同时在吸湿与脱湿的过程中,感湿离子存在溶解、析晶和蒸发、凝结的现象,使晶粒表面活性降低。
Humidity-sensitive ceramic materials can generally be divided into electronic (hole) conductivity type and ionic conductivity type. The wet feeling is mainly through the porous surface of the water molecules chemical adsorption and physical adsorption, the surface energy state changes, providing conductive carriers. The nature of carriers is closely related to the chemical composition of the ceramic surface, the conductivity type of porcelain, the porosity, the pore size. The reason for the aging of the humidity-sensitive ceramic is that the transition metal elements that make up the humidity-sensitive ceramic exist in the form of ions in the crystal, easily adsorb polar impurities and form complex ions with impurities having arc-to-electron. At the same time in the process of moisture absorption and dehumidification, there are dissolved wet ions, crystallization and evaporation, condensation phenomenon, the grain surface activity decreased.