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一、前言 在机车车辆制造业中,内燃机车柴油机的工作条件比较恶劣,它的许多重要零件大部分要选用综合性能优良的合金钢制造,如曲轴,连杆和气缸盖螺栓常用42CrMo,主轴承螺栓、横拉螺钉常用18Cr2Ni4WA,曲轴螺栓用40Cr,冷却水泵轴用2CrB等材料。这些材料都必须经过调质处理,使其具有较高的强度、硬度和韧性。这些材料热处理后的物理机械性能列于表1。由于这几种材料的切削加工性比较差,在生产中不仅断屑比较困难,刀具寿命也比较低,因此刀具消耗大,严重地影响了生产率的提高与生产成本的降低。现有硬质合金可转位刀片的几何参数与槽形参数不能满足需要,为此必须有针对性地设计研制具有新的槽形与几何参数的刀片。在此之前,首先要对这四种调质材料的
I. Introduction In locomotive and rolling stock manufacturing, the working conditions of diesel locomotives are rather poor. Most of its important components are made of alloy steel with excellent overall performance. For example, crankshaft, connecting rod and cylinder head bolts are commonly used in 42CrMo and main bearings Bolts, horizontal pull screws commonly used 18Cr2Ni4WA, crankshaft bolts with 40Cr, cooling pump shaft 2CrB and other materials. These materials must be tempered to give them high strength, hardness and toughness. The physical and mechanical properties of these materials after heat treatment are listed in Table 1. Due to the poor machinability of these materials, not only chip breaking is more difficult in production, but also the tool life is relatively low. Therefore, the tool consumption is so great that the productivity and production cost are seriously affected. The geometrical parameters and groove parameters of the existing cemented carbide indexable inserts can not meet the needs. Therefore, it is necessary to specially design and manufacture the inserts with new groove shapes and geometrical parameters. Prior to this, the first of these four quenched materials