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制造复合材料时,如果工艺参数选择不当,常常使复合材料中形成不同类型的孔隙。孔隙的存在会对复合材料性能产生很大影响。本文的目的在于讨论孔隙含量对单向复合材料机械性能的影响。这些性能包括:纵向、横向拉伸强度和模量;弯曲强度和模量;平面剪切强度和模量及层间剪切强度等。试件用纤维缠绕工艺制造。树脂基体由双酚-A型环氧树脂和热固性酚醛树脂构成。后者用作环氧树脂的固化剂。用E玻璃无捻粗纱作增强材料。试件在真空干燥箱中按预定的固化制度固化。复合材料中的孔隙含量用比重法测定。结果表明,单向复合材料中的孔隙含量对横向拉伸、层间剪切及平面剪切性能有明显影响。指出,通过控制工艺参数、降低孔隙含量,可以制得性能优异的复合材料。
In the manufacture of composite materials, if the process parameters are not properly selected, different types of pores are often formed in the composite material. The presence of pores can have a significant impact on the properties of the composite. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effect of pore content on the mechanical properties of unidirectional composites. These properties include: longitudinal and transverse tensile strength and modulus; flexural strength and modulus; plane shear strength and modulus and interlaminar shear strength. Specimens were made by filament winding process. The resin matrix is composed of a bisphenol-A type epoxy resin and a thermosetting phenolic resin. The latter is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins. Use E glass roving for reinforcement. Specimens are cured in a vacuum oven according to a predetermined cure schedule. The porosity of the composite was measured by the specific gravity method. The results show that the void content in unidirectional composites has a significant effect on the transverse tensile, interlaminar shear and plane shear properties. It is pointed out that composite materials with excellent properties can be obtained by controlling the process parameters and reducing the void content.