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在学习高中地理选修教材《自然灾害》的过程中,教材中只出现了洪涝灾害的概念表述和洪涝灾害的形成的基本条件分析,且文字叙述很少。而高考的要求是,学生必须学会全面分析洪涝灾害的形成机制并且在试卷上准确地表述出来,突出洪涝灾害的地域性特征。洪涝灾害的概念表述和洪涝灾害的形成的基本条件分析,是“由一般到特殊”的教学模式中的“一般”特性分析;而洪涝灾害的地域性特征的具体分析,是“由一般到特殊”的教学模式中的“特殊”特性分析。因此,在地理教学中,我们要灵活应用“由一般到特殊”的教学模式,完美地把洪涝灾害形成的“基本条件”和洪涝灾害的“地域性特征”结合起来,进而提高学生的学习成绩。
In the course of studying “natural disasters” in high school geography elective textbook, only the conceptual expressions of flood disasters and the basic conditions analysis of the formation of flood disasters have appeared in the textbooks with few narration. The college entrance examination requirement is that students must learn a comprehensive analysis of the formation mechanism of floods and accurate statements on the paper, highlighting the regional characteristics of floods. The basic condi- tional analysis of the conceptual expression of flood disasters and the formation of flood disasters is the analysis of “general ” characteristics in the teaching model of “general to special ”; and the specific analysis of the regional characteristics of floods is “From” to “special” teaching mode in the “special” character analysis. Therefore, in geography teaching, we should flexibly apply the teaching mode of “general to special”, and combine perfectly the “basic conditions ” formed by flood disasters and the “regional characteristics ” of flood disasters, Thereby enhancing students’ academic performance.