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利用SeaWiFs、MODIS卫星数据所获取的南极普里兹湾表层海水叶绿素a(Chl a)与海表温度(SST)的遥感数据,并结合中国2001—2011年南极科学考察所获得的现场数据,对该区域的海表温度、叶绿素a与营养盐的分布规律进行分析。结果表明:研究海区的叶绿素a的分布具有明显的区域特征,以陆架坡为界,湾内向湾外表现出明显的递减趋势;在湾内陆架区,浮游植物的旺发主要受海冰消融以及营养盐供给的影响,2001—2011年南极夏季叶绿素a浓度的遥感区域平均值为1.40 mg.m-3;在陆坡区,浮游植物的繁殖主要受到水文条件的影响,2001—2011年的夏季遥感平均值为0.44 mg.m-3;在湾外深海区,浮游植物的繁殖主要受到水文条件与铁元素的影响,浓度较低,2001—2011年的夏季遥感平均值为0.25 mg.m-3。在整个南极夏季,研究海域每月的叶绿素a浓度与海表温度呈现出一定的正相关性(R2=0.505),而在年际变化上,叶绿素a与海表温度的变化趋势也有着明显的相似性,表明温度是叶绿素a浓度的主要影响因素。通过研究多变量厄尔尼诺指数与湾内表层叶绿素a浓度的关系,可知在相对敏感的湾内陆架区,厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜可能会对叶绿素a的浓度产生影响,在厄尔尼诺年,叶绿素a的浓度较高;而在拉尼娜年,叶绿素a的浓度较低,表明高纬度海区浮游植物的生长与繁殖对中低纬度的ENSO事件存在一定的响应联系。
Based on the remote sensing data of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and sea surface temperature (SST) obtained from SeaWiFs and MODIS satellite data in the Prydz Bay, Antarctica and the field data obtained from the 2001-2001 Antarctic Scientific Expedition in China, The sea surface temperature, the distribution of chlorophyll a and nutrients in this area were analyzed. The results show that the distribution of chlorophyll a in the study area has obvious regional characteristics. The slope of the slope is bounded by the slope of the bay and shows a decreasing trend toward the outer bay. In the bay inland shelf area, the peak of phytoplankton flooding is mainly caused by sea ice ablation and nutrition Salt supply, the average remote sensing area of Antarctic summer chlorophyll-a concentration was 1.40 mg.m-3 in 2001-2011. In the slope area, the phytoplankton reproduction was mainly affected by hydrological conditions. The summer remote sensing average of 2001-2011 The value of phytoplankton was 0.44 mg.m-3. The phytoplankton was mainly affected by hydrological conditions and iron concentrations in deep-sea areas outside the bay. The concentration of phytoplankton was low in summer and the average value of remote sensing in 2001-2011 was 0.25 mg.m-3. In the entire Antarctic summer, the monthly chlorophyll a concentration in the study area showed a positive correlation with the sea surface temperature (R2 = 0.505), while the change tendency of chlorophyll a and sea surface temperature also showed significant The similarity indicates that temperature is the main factor of chlorophyll a concentration. By studying the relationship between the multivariate El Niño index and the chlorophyll a concentration in the bay, we know that El Niño / La Niña may affect the concentration of chlorophyll a in the relatively sensitive Bay inland shelf area, and the concentration of chlorophyll a is higher in El Niño years. In La Niña, the concentration of chlorophyll a was low, indicating that the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton in high latitudes had a certain response to ENSO events at low and middle latitudes.