肠道环境的稳态不仅是正常消化功能的基础,还是抵御病原体入侵的重要防线。定居于肠道内的细菌与肠道免疫系统间存在着广泛的相互影响和相互补充,在维持稳态过程中发挥协同作用。本综述结合国内外相关研究进展,简要阐述肠道正常菌群对肠道淋巴组织发育的影响和对局部乃至全身免疫反应的调节机制,进而说明菌群如何与机体共同维持肠道稳态。 The homeostasis of the gut environment is not only the basis of normal digestive function, but also an important line of defense against the invasion of pathogens. There is a wide range of interaction and complementarity between bacteria colonizing the gut and the gut immune system, playing a synergistic role in maintaining homeostasis. This review summarizes the relevant research progress both at home and abroad, and briefly describes the impact of normal intestinal flora on intestinal lymphoid tissue development and regulatory mechanisms of local and even systemic immune response, and then shows how the flora and the body together maintain intestinal homeostasis.