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目的研究高水平苯接触致再生障碍性贫血患者的骨髓细胞学、骨髓活检情况及治疗原则和疗效。方法观察4例职业性重度苯中毒再生障碍性贫血患者的骨髓细胞学检查和骨髓活检情况。4例苯中毒再生障碍性贫血患者均于发病后脱离苯及其他有毒物质的接触并住院治疗,给予雄激素治疗,未采用免疫抑制治疗。结果 4例患者均给予雄激素刺激造血,辅以利血生、复方皂矾丸等治疗。在半年内治愈,雄激素治疗时间未超过6个月。结论 2例苯中毒再生障碍性贫血患者骨髓涂片表现不典型,结合骨髓活检诊断符合率更高,高水平苯接触致再生障碍性贫血患者,免疫异常是由造血干细胞受损导致,只要治疗及时得当,即使无免疫抑制剂的应用,也可以获得满意的疗效。
Objective To investigate bone marrow cytology, bone marrow biopsy and treatment principles and efficacy of high level benzene exposure induced aplastic anemia. Methods The bone marrow biopsy and bone marrow biopsy in 4 patients with severe benzene poisoning aplastic anemia were observed. 4 cases of benzene poisoning aplastic anemia patients were out of contact with benzene and other toxic substances after the onset of contact and hospitalization, androgen treatment, did not use immunosuppressive therapy. Results 4 patients were given androgen stimulation of hematopoiesis, supplemented by Lee blood, compound soap vanilloid and other treatment. Cured within six months, androgen treatment did not exceed 6 months. Conclusions The bone marrow smears of 2 patients with benzene poisoning aplastic anemia are not typical. Combined with bone marrow biopsy, the diagnosis of aplastic anemia with higher coincidence rate and benzene exposure is caused by the impaired hematopoietic stem cells. As long as the treatment is timely Properly, even without the use of immunosuppressive agents, satisfactory results can be obtained.