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以24个适宜黄淮海地区种植的玉米杂交种为试验材料,采用水培试验,人工模拟高温条件,测定玉米株高、茎粗、叶面积、根条数、胚根长、地上部干物质量、根系干物质量、总干物质量、根冠比和叶绿素相对含量等10个性状,以各性状的耐热系数作为参数,运用主成分分析、聚类分析和逐步回归等对其耐热性进行综合评价。结果表明,总干物质量、根冠比、茎粗、叶面积、叶绿素相对含量和胚根长这6个性状可作为玉米杂交种苗期耐热性鉴定指标。根据综合耐热能力的大小,把24个玉米杂交种划分为高度耐热型、中度耐热型、弱耐热型和热敏感型4类。
Twenty-four maize hybrids suitable for planting in Huang-Huai-Hai area were used as experimental material to test the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root number, radicle root length, Root dry weight, total dry matter weight, root / shoot ratio and relative chlorophyll content of 10 traits. The heat tolerance of each trait was taken as the parameter. The main component analysis, cluster analysis and stepwise regression were used to evaluate the heat tolerance. . The results showed that six traits, total dry matter, root / shoot ratio, stem diameter, leaf area, relative chlorophyll content and radicle length, could be used as identification indexes of heat tolerance at seedling stage in maize hybrids. According to the comprehensive ability of heat tolerance, 24 maize hybrids were divided into four categories: highly heat-tolerant, moderately heat-tolerant, weakly heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive.