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目的探讨疾控应急人员在中毒现场工作中所使用A级别防护装备的实用性能。方法参照GB/T23465—2009呼吸防护用品实用性能评价方法,由专家进行评分,决定指标的权重,建立评价体系。专业人员模拟现场工作任务测试A级防护装备实用性能,填写主观评价表,将权重结果与评分结果采用综合评价法进行计算。结果 A级防护实用性能评价指标体系中最为重视安全性,在安全性内容中重要性居前三位分别是呼吸、报警装置和视觉;在舒适性方面更关注眼部舒适感、面部压痛感和面具佩戴异味感;在使用方便内容里则将穿防护服便利性排在第一位。国产与进口A级防护装备实用性能评分(总分100分)达到中等偏上水平,两类装备评分差异无统计学意义(P=0.063)。头部活动自由度、低头转动的自由度和下肢活动自由度进口装备优于国产装备,且具有统计学意义(P=0.034,P=0.011,P=0.030)。进口A级个体防护装备非安全性相关内容评分高于国产装备,具有统计学意义(P=0.048)。结论执行卫生应急工作时应重视防护装备的安全性,A级防护装备的实用性能满足疾控现场应急人员完成现场工作需要。选配现场仪器设备时应考虑到使用人员视力以及仪器按键、屏幕、重量等影响现场操作的因素。
Objective To explore the practical performance of A-level protective equipment used by disease control emergency workers in the poisoning field. Methods Reference GB / T23465-2009 Respiratory protective equipment practical performance evaluation method, scored by experts, determine the weight of indicators, the establishment of evaluation system. Professionals to simulate field work tasks A-class protective equipment practical performance, fill in the subjective evaluation table, the weighted results and scoring results using a comprehensive evaluation method for calculation. Results The A-level evaluation index system for safety performance pays the most attention to safety. Among the safety contents, the top three are the respiration, alarm devices and visuals. The comfort is more concerned with the eye comfort, facial tenderness and Mask wearing a sense of smell; in the easy-to-use content will wear protective clothing convenience comes first. The practical performance ratings of domestic and imported A-class protective equipment reached a middle-upper level, with no significant difference between the two types of equipment (P = 0.063). The degree of freedom of head movement, degree of freedom of bow rotation and degree of freedom of lower extremity movement were superior to that of domestic equipment, and were statistically significant (P = 0.034, P = 0.011, P = 0.030). Import A-class personal protective equipment non-safety related content score higher than the domestic equipment, with statistical significance (P = 0.048). Conclusion The implementation of health emergency should pay attention to the safety of protective equipment. The practical performance of A-class protective equipment meets the needs of on-site emergency personnel in the field of disease control and prevention. Matching on-site equipment should take into account the use of personnel and equipment keys, screen, weight, etc. affect the operation of the site.