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在对角蛋白的结构、分类、提取方法进行介绍的基础上,主要从天然高分子材料的角度,对角蛋白的改性、材料制备及其应用研究进展进行了综述。角蛋白材料常用物理共混和接枝聚合方法进行改性,从而制备环境友好的复合材料;角蛋白的降解主要采取微生物法和酶解法。由于角蛋白水解可产生多种氨基酸,并且具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性,其主要用作医用材料、药物缓释材料、日用材料、食品包装材料、地膜材料,也可作为较好的重金属离子吸附剂和废水脱色剂。总之,对角蛋白材料的开发和应用具有非常广阔的前景。
Based on the introduction of the structure, classification and extraction methods of keratin, the research progress of keratin modification, material preparation and its application are reviewed mainly from the perspective of natural polymeric materials. Keratin materials are often modified by physical blending and graft polymerization methods to prepare environmentally friendly composites; the degradation of keratin mainly by microbial and enzymatic hydrolysis. As keratin hydrolysis can produce a variety of amino acids, and has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which is mainly used for medical materials, drug release materials, household materials, food packaging materials, film materials, but also as a Good heavy metal ion adsorbent and wastewater decolorant. In short, the development and application of keratin materials has a very broad prospect.