本文从两个方面对司法独立的理论基础进行阐述,其一是人民主权原则,这与社会契约论的传播密不可分,也是马克思主义政治理论的重要组成部分;其二是权利分立与制衡原则,该原则是孟德斯鸠三权分立学说的核心。基于这两条原则,作者从理论根源上指出了司法独立的必要性。 This article elaborates the theoretical basis of judicial independence from two aspects. One is the principle of people’s sovereignty, which is inseparable from the spread of social contract theory and an important part of Marxist political theory. The other is the principle of separation of powers and checks and balances, This principle is the core of Montesquieu’s theory of the separation of powers. Based on these two principles, the author points out the necessity of judicial independence from the theoretical roots.