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语用学旨在解释听话人如何理解话语的意图及其含意,格赖斯等主张使用语用推理。本文首先介绍了什么是含意、其分类,以及古典格赖斯会话含意理论和新格赖斯会话含意理论在解释特殊及一般会话含意时具有的不同语用学任务。然后结合实例探讨并分析了如何运用会话含意理论进行推理,最后对如何利用会话含意理论提高英语理解和交际能力提出了一些建议。
Pragmatics aims to explain how listeners understand the meaning and meanings of discourse, and Grice and others advocate the use of pragmatic reasoning. This paper first introduces what is meaning, its classification, and the different pragmatic tasks that classical Graeme’s semantic meaning theory and New Grice’s semantic meaning theory have in interpreting special and general conversational meanings. Then it explores and analyzes how to make use of the theory of conversational meaning in combination with examples, and finally puts forward some suggestions on how to use the theory of meaning of conversation to improve English comprehension and communicative competence.