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东日本大地震发生后,“海啸来时各自飞(tsunami tendenko)”备受关注,声名鹊起。在日语里,“海啸来时各自飞”意味着“海啸避难时,每个人只顾自己,不等待任何人,即使是自己的骨肉至亲”。在日本东北地区,人们把它作为一个非常重要的避难手段代代相传。在海啸来临之前的短暂时间内迅速避难到海拔高的地方,是唯一有效的延续家族命运的方法。按照通俗的理解,这个词语仅仅强调保护自己的生命。但是,根据关于东日本大地震的调查数据,它还包含以下三层意义:促进他人的避难;构筑信任的基础;缓解生者的愧疚。
After the Great East Japan Earthquake, “the tsunami tendenko” was of great concern and became famous. In Japanese, “each time the tsunami comes in,” it means “When the tsunami evacuates, everyone cares about himself and does not wait for anyone, even his own flesh and blood.” In northeastern Japan, it has been handed down from generation to generation as a very important refuge. The rapid evacuation to high altitudes shortly before the tsunami is the only effective way to extend the family’s destiny. According to popular understanding, this term only emphasizes the protection of one’s own life. However, according to the survey data on the Great East Japan Earthquake, it also has the following three meanings: promoting asylum for others, building a foundation of trust and alleviating the guilt of the living.