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以江西德兴掌叶覆盆子为试材,采用光学显微镜及石蜡切片、徒手制片技术,研究掌叶覆盆子不同发育时期的根、茎、叶营养器官的解剖结构特征,探讨其结构特征与环境适应性关系。结果表明:根的次生结构中次生木质部和木栓层发达,有利于增加根系运输矿质养分和水分的能力,保护其内部组织免受高温灼烧,增强抗旱性。根的次生结构中产生大量木薄壁细胞、木射线和韧皮射线、韧皮部薄壁细胞,成为营养物质贮存的场所,为根上不定芽的发生、发育提供充足养分奠定了基础,与其每年萌发新枝、2年生枝结果然后死亡的生长特性相适应;茎的次生结构中导管分子口径大,数量多,茎中央髓部大,具有明显旱生形态特征;叶为典型异面叶;上表皮细胞整齐,排列紧密,气孔少见;下表皮气孔器密度较大;栅栏组织和海绵组织发达,表现出阳生叶的结构。
The anatomical structures of vegetative organs of roots, stems and leaves at different developmental stages of raspberry were studied using optical microscope, paraffin section and freehand technique. Environmental Adaptability. The results showed that secondary root xylem and cork stratum were well developed in the secondary structure of root, which was beneficial to increase the ability of root transportation of mineral nutrients and water and protect its internal tissues from burning at high temperature and enhance drought resistance. The secondary structure of the root produces a large number of parenchyma cells, wood rays and phloem rays, and phloem parenchyma cells as a place for storage of nutrients, which lays a foundation for providing sufficient nutrients for the occurrence and development of adventitious buds on the root. New branches, and 2-year-old branches, and then died. The secondary structure of the stems is characterized by large caliber, large number of stems, large medulla of the stem, obvious morphological characteristics of xerophthalmosis, leaves with typical heterogeneous leaves, upper epidermis Neat cells, closely arranged, rare stomata; lower epidermal stomatal density; palisade tissue and sponge tissue developed, showing the structure of the sun leaves.