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溪洛渡-向家坝-三峡-葛洲坝组成的四库梯级水库群是长江上游水能开发、中下游防洪安全和供水保障体系的重要组成部分,开展四库多目标联合优化调度具有重要意义.考虑防洪、发电和供水3个目标建立多目标联合优化调度模型,采用ε约束法,以四库梯级总发电量最大作为主目标,将防洪、供水等目标作为约束条件生成非劣解集;分别选取三峡汛期最高控制水位、最小下泄流量作为防洪、供水约束的情景因子,通过多情景分析,揭示不同来水条件下各目标的置换关系及其机制.结果表明:(1)设置三峡汛期最高控制水位146.5,150,153 m三种情景,其中,相对于146.5 m情景,汛期最高控制水位每提高1 m,多年平均增发电量约7亿kW h,以丰水年增幅最大;(2)最小下泄流量增加10%,四库总发电量多年平均降低5亿kW h左右;(3)三峡水库供水保证率受最小下泄流量影响比溪洛渡水库更为敏感,各种年型下缺水主要集中在枯水期,抬高三峡汛期最高控制水位,不能缓解消落期供水与发电的矛盾.
Xiluodu - Xiangjiaba - Three Gorges - Gezhouba reservoir consisting of four reservoirs is the upper reaches of the Yangtze River hydropower development, flood control and water supply in the middle and lower reaches of the important component of water supply system, to carry out multi-targets joint optimization of four multi-purpose is of great significance to consider flood control , Power generation and water supply, the multi-objective joint optimization scheduling model is established. The ε constraint method is adopted to take the maximum total generating capacity of the four-storey cascade as the main target, and flood and water supply targets are used as constraints to generate non-inferior solution sets. Three Gorges According to multiple scenario analysis, the relationship and mechanism of each target under different water inflow conditions were revealed.The results showed that: (1) The highest control level of the Three Gorges flood season was set at 146.5 , 150,153 m respectively. Among them, the maximum controlled water level in flood season increased by 1 m for each year when compared with the 146.5 m scenario, with an average annual generating capacity of 700 million kW h in years, with the largest increase in wet years; (2) The minimum discharge increased by 10% , And the total generating capacity of Siku decreased by an average of 500 million kWh for many years. (3) The guaranteed water supply rate of the Three Gorges Reservoir was more sensitive than that of Xiluodu Reservoir by the minimum discharge rate. Species type under water shortage mainly in the dry season, the highest elevation of the Three Gorges flood control water level, can not ease the contradiction Fluctuating water supply and power generation.