汉字·民族精神·民族凝聚力曹念明，陆昭天语言文字是形成民族凝聚力的重要文化因素。而汉字对中华民族的凝聚力有其特殊的、比其他文字更大的作用。具体表现在：１、汉字有形、音、义多种要素，而非单纯的起表音的作用，这样，它就能克服各种方言的语音差异，超越时空局限，成为全民族共同使用的交际工具，这从外延方面说明了汉字的巨大凝聚力。２、由汉字特有的文化内涵影响形成的中华民族思维方式的特点，是构成中华民族“自强不息”精神的深层文化基因。第一，汉字是从本族先民的原始图画、图画文字直接发展、演变而来的，始终保持着象形、表意的因素。西方拼音文字只是记录语言的符号，能指（文字）与所指（指称对象）之间没有任何自然的、必然性的联系，而是纯粹任意的、约定俗成的关系。因而，他们的思维特点是主客体分离的、抽象的；他们习惯于超越主体、甚至超越客观现实，对“彼岸世界”（天堂）永恒幸福的追求远比对现实幸福的追求更为强烈。而汉字始终没有完全脱离指称对象的形态特性，能指（文字）与所指（指称对象）之间保持着自然的，有意义的联系，主体与客体未曾截然分离，因而中国人思维方式的特点是主客体合一、“天人合一”，也就是不脱离具体事物，而体现为一种强烈的“务实”精 Chinese characters, national spirit and national cohesion Cao Nianming, Lu Zhaotian Linguistic writing is an important cultural factor in forming national cohesion. The cohesion of Chinese characters on the Chinese nation has its own special role than any other text. The concrete manifestation is as follows: 1. The Chinese characters have various elements of tangible, sound and righteousness, instead of simply playing the role of phonetic transcription. In this way, it can overcome the phonetic differences of various dialects and transcend the limitations of time and space and become the communicative use of the whole nation Tools, which epitomizes the great cohesion of Chinese characters. 2. The characteristics of the Chinese way of thinking formed by the unique cultural connotation of Chinese characters are the deep cultural genes that constitute the spirit of “self-improvement” of the Chinese nation. First, the Chinese characters evolved from the original drawings and pictorial images of their own ancestors, and they always maintained their pictographic and ideological elements. The Western phonetic transcription is only a symbol of the recorded language. There is no natural and necessary connection between the signifier (the word) and the signified (the object of reference), but purely arbitrary and conventional relations. Therefore, their thinking features are the separation of the subject and the object, the abstract; they are accustomed to transcending the subject and even surpassing the objective reality, and the pursuit of the eternal happiness of the “other side of the world” (paradise) is far more intense than the pursuit of realistic happiness. However, the Chinese characters are not completely separated from the morphological characteristics of the alleged object, the natural and meaningful connection between the signifier (referring to the word) and the referring object (object), and the fact that the subject and the object have not been completely separated. Therefore, the characteristics of the Chinese way of thinking Is the unity of the subject and object, “harmony between man and nature”, that is, not from specific things, but embodied as a strong “pragmatic” essence