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感冒是一种综合征,可由100多种有抗原性的病毒中任何一种引起。主要的呼吸道病毒有四群,即粘液和副粘液病毒、腺病毒、鼻病毒及冠状病毒等。各群之中,物理、化学及免疫性各不相同,所引起的病变亦各异。流感病毒与典型流感有关、也是感冒样疾病原因之一。副流感病毒是小儿格鲁布和病毒性肺炎的主要原因,亦可引起小儿和成人的鼻炎。呼吸道合胞体病毒是细支气管炎的主要病原,也是小儿肺炎的重要原因。这一群中其它病毒引起呼吸道感染,其轻症型与典型感冒相似。与腺病毒有关的疾病在部队中称为“急性呼吸道病”,在居民中叫咽结膜热。冠状病毒系新近认识的呼吸道病毒,它在细胞培养中不易生长,因之难于作流行病学研究。它与儿童和成人的感冒综合征有关,也可以引起下呼吸道
Colds are a syndrome that can be caused by any one of more than 100 antigenic viruses. There are four major respiratory viruses, mucoid and paramyxovirus, adenovirus, rhinovirus and coronavirus. Among the various groups, the physical, chemical and immunological properties are different and the lesions caused by them are also different. Influenza virus and the typical flu, but also one of the causes of flu-like illness. Parainfluenza virus is the main cause of children’s gelubu and viral pneumonia, but also can cause rhinitis in children and adults. Respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen of bronchiolitis, pneumonia is also an important reason. Other viruses in this group cause respiratory infections, with mild and typical flu similar. Adenovirus-related diseases are called “acute respiratory diseases” in the military and are called conjunctival fever among residents. Coronavirus is a newly recognized respiratory virus that is not easily grown in cell culture and therefore difficult to make epidemiological studies. It is associated with cold syndrome in children and adults and can also cause lower respiratory tract