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美登素(Maytansine,Ⅰ)是美国Kupchan等经十年研究,于1971年首次由卫矛科美登木属植物美登木(Maytenus ovatus Loes)中分得的抗肿瘤活性成份。含量仅为千万分之二。药理试验表明很小剂量就对多种动物实验肿瘤有明显作用,而且用药安全度大。临床试用有一定疗效,现进入第二期临床试验。从美登木属和卫矛科其它植物中以后也陆续发现美登素,其含量有的比美登木中高数十倍。这些植物同时含有带美登素柄型大环内酰胺结构的多种类似成份,总称为美登素类。此类化合物亦可由微生物发酵产生。
Maytansine (Ⅰ) is the anti-tumor active ingredient first obtained from the United States Kupchan and other ten-year research, in 1971 for the first time by the genus Myemonectomycetes Maytenus ovatus Loes. Only two parts per million. Pharmacological tests showed that a very small dose of a variety of animal experiments have a significant role in tumor testing, and drug safety. Clinical trials have a certain effect, is entering the second phase of clinical trials. From the United States and other parts of the genus Woodceae also later found in other plant maytansinoids, its content than the number of trees in the United States several times higher. These plants also contain a variety of similar ingredients with a maytansinoid macrolide structure, collectively referred to as maytansinoids. Such compounds can also be produced by microbial fermentation.