生物因素是职业病危害因素的一大类。空气微生物的采样方法主要有自然沉降法、撞击法、气旋式采样法、过滤采样法和大气颗粒物采样法。近年来,该领域的检测技术不断更新与升级,出现了血清免疫学、基因、拉曼光谱和电阻抗等新的检测技术。本文对这些采样和检测方法进行简述与比较。 Biological factors are a large group of occupational hazards. The sampling methods of airborne microorganisms mainly include natural sedimentation method, impact method, cyclonic sampling method, filtration sampling method and atmospheric particulate sampling method. In recent years, the field of detection technology is constantly updated and upgraded, there have been serum immunology, gene, Raman spectroscopy and electrical impedance and other new detection techniques. This article briefly describes and compares these sampling and detection methods.