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目的：以上呼吸道感染为例，通过对比雾霾期间与非雾霾期间中医证型间的差异，探索了解雾霾的中医致病特点。方法本研究采用回顾性试验设计方法，共收集2015年2月4日至2016年2月3日期间北京中医药大学东直门医院急诊门诊符合入选标准的上呼吸道感染病例1003例进行回顾性研究，将所选病例分别按照有无雾霾、有无空气污染，以及空气污染的不同级别进行分组，比较中医证型间的差异。结果对于上呼吸道感染病例，雾霾天与非雾霾天在证型分布上无统计学差异，空气污染与非空气污染期间证型分布无统计学差异，轻度污染、中度污染、重度污染与严重污染不同空气污染级别在证型分布上无统计学差异。结论通过分析上呼吸道感染证型分布的差异未能明确雾霾致病的特点或倾向性，还需进一步深入研究。“,”Objective To explore the pathogenic characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by analyzing the upper respiratory infection of TCMsyndrome type distribution.Methods Retrospective study was used in this study,and 1 003 patients with upper respiratory tract infections in emergency de-partment of Dongzhimen Hospital during February 4,2015 to February 3,2016 were involved in this study.All the cases were divided into different groups according to whether there was the haze,air pollu-tion and air quality index(AQI)classification,and the difference among different groups were compared. Results The TCM syndrome types had no statistical difference between haze days and non haze days, and there was no difference showed during air pollution and non air pollution period.Similarly,no statis-tical differences of TCMsyndrome types showed among different air pollution levels groups.Conclusion Through analyzing the distribution difference of the upper respiratory tract infection syndrome type,the pathogenic characteristics or the tendency of haze are still unknown.Therefore,further study is needed.