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瘢痕形成，又称为组织纤维化，是身体大多数器官病理损伤后一种常见反应。涉及细胞群体：骨髓来源的循环纤维细胞、内皮细胞、常驻成纤维细胞、上皮细胞以及血管周围细胞(周细胞)。其中周细胞是一种血管壁细胞，位于微血管系统的内皮细胞基底膜侧，在血管生成、维持血脑屏障、调节毛细血管功能、介导免疫细胞进入大脑和组织修复、纤维化反应等方面发挥重要作用。越来越多的研究表明周细胞参与了中枢神经系统的瘢痕形成。该文综述了脊髓损伤、癫痫、创伤性脑损伤等中枢神经系统疾病的瘢痕形成过程，重点强调周细胞在中枢神经系统瘢痕形成中的作用，在此基础上对周细胞参与瘢痕形成调节的研究前景进行展望。“,”Scar formation, also known as tissue fibrosis, is a common response when most organs of the body get pathological damage.The cell populations involved are as follows: circulating fibroblasts from bone marrow, endothelial cells, resident fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and perivascular cells(pericytes).Pericytes are a kind of vascular wall cells, surrounding endothelial cells on the side of basement membrane in the microvascular system.It plays an important role in angiogenesis, maintaining the blood-brain barrier, regulating function of capillary blood, mediating the entry of immune cells into the brain, fibrosis response and so on.There is accumulating evidence suggests that pericytes are involved in the scar formation of central nervous system.This article reviews the scar formation process of central nervous system diseases such as spinal cord injury, epilepsy and traumatic brain injury, with emphasis on the role of pericytes in scar formation of central nervous system.On this basis, the perspective of pericytes involved in the regulation of scar formation is given.