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按照不完全双列杂交试验方式,以20个甘蓝型油菜品种为母本与3个芥菜型油菜品种杂交,配制了60个组合。分析结果表明,母本甘蓝型油菜在种间可交配能力上存在着较大的遗传变异。尤其是在受精能力上,母本的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力都较高,分别为0.683和0.464。而结籽指数这一性状的基因型方差以亲本互作为主,母本的加性方差很小,狭义遗传力极低。结角长度和结角率这两个可交配性的外观性状与受精指数和结籽指数之间存在着显著的表型相关和遗传相关。并提出了在甘蓝型油菜中筛选和培育种间杂交高亲和品系的方案,以及通过容易观测的外观指标快速准确地鉴别具高度可交配性品系的具体措施。
According to the incomplete diallel cross test, 20 combinations were made by crossing 20 varieties of Brassica napus with 3 varieties of Brassica juncea. The results showed that there was a large genetic variation in the ability of female parent Brassica napus to breed among species. Especially in fertilizing ability, the broad heritability and narrow heritability of female parent were higher, which were 0.683 and 0.464 respectively. The genetic index of the seed-setting index was mainly based on the parent-child interaction. The additive variance of the female parent was small and the heritability of narrow sense was extremely low. There was a significant phenotypic and genetic correlation between the two mating qualities such as knot length and knot rate, and fertilization index and seed index. In this paper, a scheme of screening and breeding high-affinity hybrids between species in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was proposed, and specific measures to identify the highly cross-tolerant strains rapidly and accurately by observing the appearance indicators were also proposed.