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本文讨论了微塑性变形对金属零构件力学行为的意义。对20Cr、40Cr及60Si2Mn等钢试样的实验研究表明,微塑性变形抗力既受到显微组织结构的影响,又受到残余应力的影响。微塑性变形与试样中的残余应力之间有着密切的关系。由此观点出发,提出了对负残余应变现象的解释。对于不同应力水平下循环加载时微塑性变形的变化情况也进行了测试,并将此结果与疲劳过程中残余应力松弛的规律进行了比较与分析。
This paper discusses the significance of micro-plastic deformation on the mechanical behavior of metal parts. Experimental studies on steel samples such as 20Cr, 40Cr and 60Si2Mn show that the plastic deformation resistance is affected both by the microstructure and by the residual stress. There is a close relationship between the micro-plastic deformation and the residual stress in the specimen. From this point of view, we propose an explanation of the phenomenon of negative residual strain. The changes of the micro-plastic deformation under cyclic stress at different stress levels were also tested. The results were compared with the laws of residual stress relaxation during fatigue.