对于由计划经济向市场经济转型的国家而言，住房领域的变迁对经济、民生的影响巨大。中东欧转型国家之一的捷克在市场化改革过程中愈发认识到，在政府管制逐渐被市场机制所取代的同时，住房市场化不能保证社会各个阶层的住房需求得到满足，中、低收入者及一些特殊群体往往在住房分配中处于劣势。住房是人生存的基本前提，是公民的基本权利。政府在市场经济环境下更应该加强干预，承担起在住房供给上的责任，尤其要保障弱势群体的住房权利。新世纪以来，捷克政府在住房政策定位上做了较大调整，其住房理念及相关措施值得学习和借鉴。“,”As for the countries that have experienced a transformation from planned economy to market economy, the changes of household has a large effect upon the economy and livelihood. Czech, one of the transformation countries in middle and eastern Europe, is gradually acknowledged that during the process of marketization reform, the governmental control is gradually replaced by market mechanism, and meanwhile, marketization of housing cannot ensure the satisfaction of housing need for all the classes in the society, and middle and lower incomers and some social groups always are in a disadvantaged position in the housing allocation. House is the basic premise for human survival, and is also the basic rights of citizens. The government should strengthen the control under the environment of market economy, taking the responsibility of housing supply, particularly secure the housing rights of disadvantaged groups. Since the new century, Czech government has made a larger adjustment for the orientation of housing policy. And its housing idea and related measures is worth learning and reference.