黑格尔认为促进历史发展的终极原因是世界精神，进而把世界历史进程划分为三个阶段。黑格尔历史观是唯心主义的典型，但又是对历史规律性的一种大胆的猜测；马克思认为物质生活资料的生产是整个历史的基础，生产力是促进社会发展的动力。他创立了五种生产方式理论，指出世界历史发展的大致规律是按五种生产方式更替的，但并不否认某个特殊时代和国家地区有特殊的发展路线；“多线发展”论者认为马克思的五种社会形态理论是单线论，不符合历史实际，世界历史的演进应为二线。“多线发展史观”或称“二线论”是对马克思理论的片面理解 Hegel believes that the ultimate reason for promoting historical development is the spirit of the world, which in turn divides the course of world history into three stages. Hegel’s view of history is typical of idealism, but it is also a bold speculation on the law of history. Marx believes that the production of material life material is the basis of history as a whole, and productivity is the driving force for promoting social development. He founded five theories of mode of production and pointed out that the general law of the development of the world history is to be replaced by five modes of production. However, it does not deny that there is a special line of development in a particular era and in the country. According to the theory of “multi-line development” The five theories of social formation in Marx are the one-line theory and do not conform to the historical reality. The evolution of world history should be second-line. “Multi-line development history concept” or “second-line theory” is one-sided understanding of Marxist theory